What is phenotypic plasticity?

Phenotypic plasticity refers to the capacity of an organism to modify its physical form or functioning in response to varying environmental conditions. This adaptability enables organisms to thrive in different habitats and under diverse environmental stresses. For example, a plant may exhibit different leaf sizes depending on the availability of sunlight, or an animal may alter its coloration based on its surroundings to enhance camouflage.

This concept is crucial in understanding how organisms can survive and reproduce despite changes in their environment. It emphasizes that phenotype (the observable characteristics) is not fixed but can be influenced significantly by external factors. This flexibility is vital for the survival and evolutionary success of species, particularly in unpredictable environments.

In contrast, the other options refer to different biological concepts. Remaining unchanged does not capture the dynamic relationship between an organism and its environment. Asexual reproduction pertains to a method of reproduction rather than the adaptability of traits. Lastly, adaptation through natural selection describes a gradual evolutionary process rather than the immediate plastic responses an organism may have to environmental changes. Thus, phenotypic plasticity highlights the immediate and flexible responses of organisms to their environments, making the correct choice evident.