What is the molecule in which genes are located?

The correct answer is DNA, as it is the molecule that carries the genetic information required for the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. Genes, which are segments of DNA, contain the instructions for making specific proteins and are fundamental to the genetic code of an organism.

DNA is structured as a double helix, made up of nucleotides that include a phosphate group, a sugar, and nitrogenous bases. The sequence of these bases determines the genetic information. Furthermore, in eukaryotic cells, DNA is packaged into a more complex structure known as chromatin, which helps regulate gene expression and DNA replication. While chromatin is made up of DNA and proteins, it is the DNA itself that encodes the genes.

RNA serves as a messenger between DNA and proteins but does not house the genes themselves. Proteins are the end products of gene expression and can have various functions in the organism, but they do not contain genetic information. Thus, DNA is the fundamental molecule in which genes are located.