Which of the following compounds is involved in the formation of DNA?

Phosphoric acid plays a crucial role in the formation of DNA as it is one of the key components that make up the backbone of the DNA molecule. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is constructed from nucleotides, and each nucleotide comprises three elements: a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base (such as adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

In this structure, the phosphate group is derived from phosphoric acid, which connects to the deoxyribose sugar through a phosphodiester bond, linking consecutive nucleotides together in a chain. This creates the sugar-phosphate backbone that forms the structural framework of the DNA strand. The nitrogenous bases extend from this backbone and are responsible for encoding genetic information.

In contrast, amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and do not directly contribute to DNA's structure. Glucose, a simple sugar, is crucial in cellular respiration and energy metabolism but is not involved in the composition of DNA. Fatty acids are components of lipids and play roles in cell membrane structure and energy storage, but they do not participate in the formation of DNA.